Device for operating doors for elevator-wells



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No. 407,110. Patented Ju1y 16, 1889.

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No. 407,110. Patented July 16, 1889.

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W. B. NICKERSON. DEVICE EOE OPERATING DOORS EOE ELEVATOE WELLS.

Patented' July 16, 1889.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

IVILLIAM E. NICKERSON, OF CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS.

DEVICE FOR OPERATING DOORS FOR ELEVATOR-WELLS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 407,110, dated July 16,1889. Application tiled March 23, 1889. Serial No. 304,521'. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM EMERY NICK- ERsON, of Cambridge, in thecounty of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invent-ed a certainnew and useful Improvement in Elevator Tell-Room Doors, of which thefollowing, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is aspecification.

The object of my invention is to so const-ruct an operating mechanismfor elevator well-room doors that the force generated by the motion ofthe elevator-carriage may either directly or by accumulation be utilizedat the option of the attendant for opening and closing the well-roomdoors at each iioor or landing. This object I attain by the mechanismshown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a perspectiveview showing the mechanism that I use. This mechanism is shown asattached to parts of the walls of the well-room and to parts of theelevator-carriage, unimportant parts being represented as broken awayfor the purpose of better illustration. Fig. 2 is an elevation of aslidingI block with its pawls (shown in perspective in Fig. l) and aportion of the carriage, showing a part oi' an engaging-rod. Fig. 3 is aside elevation of the elevator well-roo1n,look ing from the inside,showing the door closed. Fig. i shows, partly in elevation and partly invertical section,a portion of a latch-releasing device which is locatedon the door-casing of the well-room. Fig. 5 is the same as the viewshown in Fig. 3, except that the door is represented as open.

In the perspective view, Fig. l, I have shown nearly' all the parts ofmy invention, and unless other figures are referred to Fig. l may beused in following the description.

The walls of the well-room are indicated by B.

door C is arranged to hook onto the sliding bolt K (see Figs. 1 and 4)when the door C is closed. The sliding bolt K is connected to aspring-plate K, (see Fig. 4,) and is provided with a recess 7.', throughwhich the hook of the latch K2 may pass in case the recess is in acertain position. Otherwise the hook is held by the bolt K and the doorcannot be opened. lVhen the attendant wishes the door to open, hedepresses the lever footpiece II. This action throws the upturned end ofthe lever II against the lever H2, (pivoted at la) and in throwing itslower end outward causes its upper end h to take a position in which itwill, as the carriage reaches a floor, come in contact with thespring-plate K and force it and the bolt K2 back, so as to cause therecess 7.; to come opposite to the hook of the latch K and thus allowthe door to be opened by any strain that may be brought to bear upon it.It will be observed that the latch lf2 cannot drop low enough, onaccount of the stop k, for its hook to engage with that part of the boltK that is at the bottom of the recess 7e'.

Referring to Figs. 3 and 5, L is a closelywound spring adapted fortension and ,attached to the well-room door C at c. This spring may beinserted into the body of the door or incased on the surface of thedoor, as may be deemed desirable. L is a chain or cord, one end of whichis attached to the spring L and the other end, after passing between thegrooved pulleys L2 L3, to the sliding block L". This block L4 slides ona square rod M, attached by bracket-pieces M M to the wall of theelevator well-room. On the sliding block D, I have two pawls L5 .6,pivoted at a and n', and so balanced that they will rest normally in theposition shown in Figs. 1 and Z-that is, in such a position that theywill actas buttresses for the rods E and D3 when either of them comes incontact. At each end of the rod M, upon which the block LV1 slides, Ihave stationary cam-pieces M2 M2, so made that when either of the pawlsL5 L come in contact with its respective ca1npiece then it (the pawl)will be tripped and the rod E or D2, as the case may be, will bereleased.

To prevent a too abrupt return movement IOS) of the sliding block L4,caused by the recoil of the spring L on its release, l have attached toit a rod P and piston P', Figs. 3 and 5. This piston P works in a narrowcylindei` P2 loosely, so that while it will offer but little resistanceto its proper movement it will ei'- 'fectually prevent any tendency toabruptness.

The spring S rests with one end against a part of the door C at S2 andwith the other end against the block S ,attached to the wall of thewell-room B The springS is provided with a rod S5, (see Figs. 3 and 5,)extending within the coils of the spring `from the block S, to whichrritis'fastened, to a point just within the edge of the door when taken inits closed position. This rod serves to keep that part of the springwhich is without the door from lateral buckling. The tendency of thespring S is to extend itself-that is, to push the door to its closedposition-as will be explained below.

- For causing the block L4 to slide up or down on the rod M and to bringa tension on the springs L and S by drawing the end of the chain L up ordown past the pulleys L2 L5, I have the following device, (see Fig. 1:)

D is a foot-piece for the lever D', the lever D being pivoted at d.

D2 is a Vertical rod adapted to slide up and down on the side of t-heelevator-carriage, as shown, and is operated by the lever D andfoot-piece D.

E and D3 are sliding rods attached to the sides of theelevator-carriage, and are both actuated by the foot-piece D, throughthe lever D,rod D2, and bent levers E and D4.

The operation of my device is as follows: Ve suppose the carriage to beat the bottom,

the attendant starts it and allows it to con-V tinue its motion withoutfurther attention until the carriage nears a floor at which it isdesired to open the well-room. Now the attendant depresses thefoot-piece D, thus causing the rod D3 to slide so as to come in contactwith the pawl L5, which will cause the block L4 to slide up on the rod Mand draw the cha-in L and the attached end of the tension-spring L, sothat although the door() will not be moved on account of the latchhookK2, the spring L will strain upon it and cause it to open as soon asreleased from the holding action of the latch-hook K2. Upon the stoppingof the carriage the attendant can, by pressing with his foot the pieceH,

free the latch-hook K2, and allow the spring L, which is now undertension, to draw the vdoor open. (See Fig. 5.) The act of drawing thedoor C open compresses the spring S, as

shown in Fig. 5, the tension force exerted by the spring L beingsufficient to overcome the extensive force of the spring S.

The upward movement ot' the block L4, as above set forth, is not sogreat (before the carriage stops) at the landing as to bring the pawl L5in contact with the cam-piece M2 and thus release the block L4. lf thecarriage stops and the rod D3 is not with drawn from the pawls L5 L6,then the door, if not released, remains closed, but under the tension ofthe spring L, and consequent-ly under strain that tends to open it; butas soon as the elevatorcarriage starts up again the block L4 will bemoved up on the rod M, so as to cause the pawl L5 to come inl contactwith the cam-piece M2, which will, by throwing the lower end of thepawl` oit from the rod D3, allow the block L4 to return to its normalposition-that is, to the position shown in Fig. l-the springL havingreturned to its unstrained condition.

If we assume that the carriage has stopped at a floor and that thedoorChas been opened by the action of the block L4 through the cha-in Land spring L, and that the attendant wishes to close the door C, heremoves his Jfoot from the foot-piece D. This allows the rod D3 to bedrawn back by the action of the spring T on the lever D and to releasethe block L4, which, returning to its normal position, removesthe'strain on the spring L and allows the spring S to close the door byits expansive force.

ln case the elevator-carriage does not stop at any intermediate floor,but ascends to the top, then the attendant need not actuate either leveruntil the carriage nears the last iioor. Then he will press thetoot-piece D down, so as to bring the rod D2 into contact with the pawlL5, and thus cause the block; L4 to ascend and to draw on the chain Land set the spring L at tension ready to draw the door C back whenreleased, as has already been set-forth.

In the descent ot' the elevator-carriage all of the parts operate thesame, except that the rod E takes the function of the rod D2, and theblock L4 descends instead of ascends, and that the pawl L6 and cam-pieceM3 are brought into action.

It will be understood that there is a block L4 at each floor, and thatit is adapted to slide up and down on its rod M, and that thecontrolling cam's and pawls operate the same way at each floor. AAt thelower ioor the campiece M5 may be dispensed with, and at the upper floorthe cam-piece M2 may be dispensed with.

The subj ect-matter of my invention may be briefiy stated thus:Mechanism by which the power generated by the moving carriage of anelevator is by accumulation utilized at the option of the attendant toopen and close the doors of an elevator well-room.

l claiml. In an elevator, the combination of the well-room door C,having a spring L and a spring S of less force, said springs beingadapte- IOO IIO

2. In an elevator, a door C, having counteracting springs of differentforces adapted to operate in opposition to each other, as described,with a movable block attached to the Walls of the eleva-tor Well-roomand operated by the movement of the elevator-carriage, and a latch-hookK2, adapted to be released by a lever under the control of theattendant, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

3. In an elevator, the combination of the door C, spring S, spring L,sliding block L4, and an elevator-carriage having rods adapted to engagewith the sliding` block L4, substantially as described, and for thepurpose set forth. f

4. In an elevator, the combination of the door C, the spring L, chainL', block L4, having paWls L5 L, the rod M, and cams M2 M2, With theelevator-carriage having engaging rods E' and D2, substantially asdescribed, and for the purpose set forth.

5. In an elevator, the combination of the footlever D', rod D2, leverD4, rod D2, with sliding` block L4, having` pawls IL, chain L', springL, and door O, having a retractor-spring S, substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

(i. In an elevator, the combina-tion of the latch-hook K2, the slidingbar K', having a recess k, with the spring-plate K and actuatingleverH3, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. In an elevator, the combination of the door C, spring L, chain L',and block L4, adapted to be moved by the carriage, as described, Withthe piston-rod P, piston P', and cylinder P2, substantially asdescribed, and for thepurpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in thepresence of two sub scribing Witnesses, on this 21st day of March, A. D.1889.

VILLIAM E. NICKERSON.

lVitnesses:

FRANK G. PARKER, MATTHEW M. BLUNT.

